For people living with chronic hepatitis B, regular testing is an important part of staying healthy. Blood tests and imaging, such as ultrasounds, help doctors monitor the individual patient’s health and the effectiveness of whatever medications they may be taking and even find liver cancer early, which increases the effectiveness of treatment. Even so, many people feel anxious about monitoring. It is common to worry before appointments or feel stressed while waiting for results. Research shows that this kind of anxiety is very common among people living with hepatitis B (Low et al., 2025).
The good news is that there are strategies and ways to help reduce the anxiety associated with screening and monitoring liver cancer. These strategies do not eliminate the need for monitoring, but they can make it much easier to manage the worry that comes with it.
Evidence‑Based Coping Strategies
Learn what monitoring is for and what results mean. People feel less anxious when they understand why tests are done and what different results mean. Clear explanations from health care providers, such as explaining that unclear or abnormal results do not always mean cancer, can reduce fear and stress (Hui et al., 2026).
Ask direct questions during appointments. Questions like “What is this test checking for?” or “What happens if something looks different?” can help replace worry with facts and reduce uncertainty (Hui et al., 2026).
Use mental health tools to manage worry. Research shows that cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and mindfulness practices help people notice anxious thoughts and calm their reactions. Simple steps such as deep breathing, guided relaxation, or focusing on the present moment can help during scan weeks (Low et al., 2025).
Plan ahead for testing days. Having a plan helps people feel more in control. This may include scheduling something relaxing after an appointment, choosing a friend or family member to talk to, or limiting time spent searching online for alarming information (Low et al., 2025).
Lean on social support. Talking with others who understand—such as support groups, patient programs, or trusted loved ones–can reduce feelings of isolation and anxiety. Feeling supported makes coping easier (Low et al., 2025).
Treat mental health as part of liver health. Experts recommend screening for anxiety and depression as part of hepatitis B care. Counseling or emotional support can improve quality of life and help people stay engaged in important monitoring (Low et al., 2025).
Studies show that even though monitoring can be stressful, most patients still want to continue because it helps save lives (Hui et al., 2026). The goal is not to stop testing, but to support emotional well‑being along the way.
Liver cancer monitoring helps catch problems early, but living with constant check‑ups can be stressful. With clear information, mental health support and simple coping strategies, patients can stay connected to care while also protecting their well‑being.
When we talk about chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, the focus is usually on the liver and for good reason. HBV is a leading cause of liver cirrhosis and liver cancer. However, new research shows that HBV’s impact goes far beyond the liver. It can increase the risk of other cancers in the body.
Hepatitis B and non-liver cancers
A major population-based study in China found that people with chronic hepatitis B had significantly higher risks of several types of cancer beyond liver cancer. These included stomach, colorectal, pancreatic, oral cancers, and lymphoma (a type of cancer that affects the immune system). For example, the risk of lymphoma was nearly double in HBV-positive individuals compared to those without the virus (Song et al., 2019). This suggests that HBV may play a role in cancer development outside the liver, possibly through long-term inflammation or high viral load that affects other tissues and nearby cells.
How hepatitis B affects other organs
Hepatitis B isn’t limited to liver cells. It can also be found in the pancreas, kidneys, and blood cells, where it may cause inflammation and target the immune system (Tang, 2020). Long-term inflammation, especially without proper treatment or management, caused by hepatitis B can raise the risk of cancer, and, because the virus can stay in different parts of the body, not just the liver, it may help explain why it’s linked to other types of cancers.
In addition to cancer, hep B can also cause inflammation in other organs. One example is kidneys. Some people with HBV develop a condition called glomerulonephritis, which is a type of kidney inflammation. Over time, this can lead to serious kidney damage if not treated.
HBV may also be linked to certain blood disorders and metabolic issues, especially when combined with other health problems such as diabetes or MASLD (Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease. These conditions can make it harder for the body to stay balanced and healthy (Karayiannis, 2017).
Mental and emotional health
Living with chronic hepatitis B often can affect a person’s mental health. Some people feel anxious, stressed, or even depressed because of the stigma, the fear of passing the virus to others, or worries about their future health. These feelings can make it more challenging to stay on top of treatment and care.
What Can Be Done?
Fortunately, hepatitis B is manageable. Antiviral medications can suppress the virus, which may reduce the risk of complications and help with inflammation of not just liver cells but also other cells and tissues in the body. Regular monitoring and early treatment are key, not just for liver health, but for preventing other health issues linked to hepatitis B. Learn more about hepatitis B management and updated recommendations here. Check out our Liver Cancer Connect program to learn more about liver cancer prevention and management.
While liver cancer is one of the most serious outcomes of chronic hepatitis B, the virus can also harm other parts of the body, including the stomach, pancreas, and even the immune system. That’s why managing hepatitis B isn’t just about protecting the liver; it’s about protecting your whole health. Staying connected to care, getting regular checkups, and following treatment plans are key to detecting problems early and living well with hepatitis B.
References:
Song, C., Lv, J., Liu, Y., et al. (2019). Associations between hepatitis B virus infection and risk of all cancer types. JAMA Network Open, 2(6), e195718. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.5718
Tang, H. (2020). Hepatitis B Virus Infection: Molecular Virology to Antiviral Drugs. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9151-4
Karayiannis, P. (2017). Hepatitis B virus: virology, molecular biology, life cycle and intrahepatic spread. Journal of Gastroenterology, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12072-017-9829-
Did you know that the tiny organisms living in your gut, called the microbiome, can have a strong impact on your liver? Recent research shows that the bacteria and fungi in your digestive system play a major role in keeping your liver healthy and may even affect how hepatitis B progresses.
The gut-liver connection
Your gut and liver are closely connected through something called the gut-liver axis. When your gut microbiome is balanced, it helps protect your liver by producing helpful substances such as butyrate and tryptophan. These can reduce inflammation and support liver function. But when the microbiome is out of balance (a condition called dysbiosis), harmful bacteria and toxins can leak into the bloodstream and reach the liver, causing damage (Zhang et al., 2024).
What happens in hepatitis B
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) can lead to serious liver problems, including cirrhosis. A 2025 study found that people with HBV-related cirrhosis had fewer good bacteria such as alistipes and lachnospira, and more harmful ones including Fusobacterium and Enterococcus in their gut (Chen et al., 2025). These changes were linked to lower levels of important nutrients like tocopherol, which help protect the liver.
Another study looked at how the mix of bacteria in the gut changes as hepatitis B gets worse. Researchers found that people with chronic hepatitis B had a wider variety of bacteria compared to people without hepatitis B. They also noticed changes in the balance between two major groups of bacteria (firmicutes and bacteroidetes) that are important for digestion and immune health. These shifts in gut bacteria could help doctors understand any changes or advances in hepatitis B and possibly even predict how it might develop over time (Wang et al., 2023).
Bile acids and bacteria
Bile acids, which help digest fats, also interact with gut bacteria. In HBV-related liver disease, high bile acid levels were linked to more lactobacillales and fewer clostridiales, which suggests another kind of imbalance (Zhou et al., 2025). This connection could lead to new treatments that target both bile acids and bacteria.
Your gut microbiome does a lot more than help you digest food. It’s deeply connected to your liver and can influence how hepatitis B develops and changes over time. As scientists learn more, we may see new treatments that focus on fixing the microbiome to protect and promote liver health.
References:
Chen, Y., et al. (2025). Gut microbiota and metabolomic profiles in HBV-related cirrhosis. Journal of Hepatology Research.
Li, X., et al. (2024). Gut mycobiome and liver disease: Emerging insights. Liver International.
Wang, J., et al. (2023). Microbiota diversity across HBV disease stages. Microbiome Medicine.
Zhang, L., et al. (2024). Gut microbiota and chronic liver disease: Mechanisms and interventions. Hepatology Reviews.
Zhou, H., et al. (2025). Microbiota–bile acid crosstalk in HBV-induced cirrhosis. Clinical Gastroenterology.
Hepatitis B remains a global health challenge.. There are strategies to prevent perinatal (mother to child) transmission of hepatitis B. Prevention includes testing all pregnant persons for the marker of hepatitis B infection (HBsAg), if the pregnant person is positive, then assessment is needed throughout pregnancy. If the pregnant person’s viral load becomes high, antiviral treatment (TDF) might be recommended during the second trimester taken throughout pregnancy. Data shows this is safe and effective, and reducing the viral load can reduce the risk of transmission.
Additionally, making sure that all infants get hepatitis B birth dose as soon as possible after delivery, ideally within the first 24 hours of birth followed by at least two subsequent doses of hepatitis B vaccine (usually part of global childhood immunization series ex: the pentavalent vaccination). However, for many individuals, adhering to these guidelines in many parts of the world can be a challenge. Recent research sheds light on the barriers and opportunities to improve treatment adherence during this important period. Treatment adherence means taking your medicine the right way, at the right time, in the right amount, and for as long as your doctor tells you. It’s about sticking to your treatment plan to maintain your health.
The postpartum drop-off: a hidden risk
A study published in the Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society explored adherence to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), a medication used to treat HBV, among pregnant individuals. While adherence during pregnancy was relatively high, many women discontinued treatment postpartum. A mix of factors contributed to the drop in HBV treatment adherence following delivery including:
Lack of follow-up care after delivery
Low awareness about health risks that may come from stopping medication
Limited knowledge about the long-term benefits of continued treatment
Healthcare system gaps, especially in low-resource settings, making access to care and medication difficult
What the numbers say?
In a broader context, a study from Israel found that only about 67% of chronic HBV patients maintained high adherence (defined as taking at least 80% of the prescribed medication). Many women stopped taking their medication after giving birth or were not consistent with their medication routines (Mor et al., 2022). A 2025 pilot study published in Virology Journal looked at what happens when women with chronic hepatitis B stop taking antiviral medication after giving birth. Among 88 women who discontinued treatment postpartum, nearly 29% experienced liver inflammation (ALT flares)—a sign that the virus was becoming elevated (Tang et al., 2025).
What can be done?
Improving postpartum adherence to HBV treatment requires a holistic approach and strategies can include:
Integrated care models that link obstetric and hepatology services, making it easier for women to stay on track with their hepatitis B care and medication
Patient education that emphasizes the importance of continued treatment beyond pregnancy
Support from community health workers to provide follow-up and encouragement to stay connected with hepatitis B care
Mobile health tools (like SMS reminders) to help new mothers stay on trackafter delivery
The postpartum period is a time of immense change—and often, medical follow-up takes a backseat. But for women living with HBV, taking efforts to prevent perinatal transmission is crucial not just for their own health, but for preventing the future generation from hepatitis B. With better systems, education, and support, we can close the adherence gap and protect more lives.
To learn more about prevention of perinatal transmission of hepatitis B, you can also visit the Hepatitis B Foundation’s Informed Training Hub, which includes modules on perinatal prevention.
References:
Greenup, A. J., Tan, J., Nguyen, V., & Visvanathan, K. (2020). Adherence to antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis B during pregnancy and postpartum: A prospective cohort study. Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society, 9(3), 289–295. https://doi.org/10.1093/jpids/piz064
Mor, Z., Grotto, I., & Anis, E. (2022). Adherence to antiviral therapy among patients with chronic hepatitis B in Israel. Israel Journal of Health Policy Research, 11(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13584-022-00527-2
Tang, Q., Wang, C., Li, H., Chen, Z., Zhang, L., Zhang, J., Liu, X., Xue, Y., Qiu, Y., Peng, M., Zeng, Y., & Hu, P. (2025). Unexpected HBsAg decrease after nucleoside analogues retreatment among HBeAg positive postpartum women: A pilot study. Virology Journal, 22, Article 36. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12985-025-02632-x
World Health Organization. (2024). Guidelines for the prevention, diagnosis, care and treatment for people with chronic hepatitis B infection (WHO Guidelines). https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240090903
Sharing a diagnosis should not be, but often it is, a challenge. At some point it is important to tell your partner, family or friends about your hepatitis B/D status. This is an important moment for you and the people with whom you share your daily life.
Remember:Your comfort is just as important as the person you choose to talk to. You might be nervous, or you may be worried about what they will think and how they will receive the information you are about to share. You should know that not everyone will understand but you can be prepared with as much information as possible to be sure to set yourself up for success in this conversation. Know that most people do not know about hepatitis B, how it is transmitted or the health problems it causes. But for you, it is a step you should take: to live a normal life, to live honestly and to foster love and sincerity with others. For this, you need to prepare spiritually and emotionally. With preparation, this can be a moment of liberation for you. Remember: you have the right to share exactly as much as you are willing to and nothing more.
Preparing to disclose your hepatitis B and D status
Give yourself enough time to understand your emotions and to prepare for the emotions of your loved ones. Before disclosure, it might be helpful to think about the following:
Your readiness: make sure you feel emotionally prepared to talk about your health. Disclose when you feel ready to handle a range of possible reactions.
Their readiness: pick a moment when the other person is likely to be calm, receptive and not distracted or stressed.
Level of trust: assess whether the person is trustworthy, empathetic and respectful of your confidentiality.
Learn about your condition: Understand what hepatitis B/D is, how it is transmitted and how it is managed. This helps you feel more confident when talking to others.
Write down the main things you would like to tell your person: what the disease is, how long you have known, what your condition is and what they can do to check their status.
Read what you have written several times – how do you feel while you are talking?
Think about why you are sharing this: To protect their health? To ask for their support? Is it about transparency or deepening trust
Talk to them and explain what you expect out of the conversation. Maybe you want them to know why you no longer drink alcohol at family gatherings or why you may need more rest than normal. Or maybe you want them to offer you their time and support so that you can talk about your fears.
Choose a calm, private moment when you both have time to talk.
Do not do it under pressure or during an argument.
Now imagine that you are in the role of a listener and your loved one tells you that they have hepatitis B, which you know nothing about.
What would you like to ask them, and to know? Putting yourself in the other person’s shoes will help us to imagine their emotions, fears, denial–these are normal human reactions and they will fade away with the time and the right information given.
Anticipate reactions: Some people may be scared at first, especially due to a lack of information. Be patient.
They may ask you questions that you don’t have an (or don’t want to) answer–be honest and leave that part for another time.
Key points for your conversation:
Share what hepatitis B and D are and how they affect your health. This can help your partner/family better understand the situation and reduce any uncertainties.
Helping your person understand that it is a chronic condition that for some people requires taking a pill a day like so many other chronic conditions, such as high blood pressure, can help “normalize” the disease.
Take the time to explain that a chronic illness does not just depend on the medications you might take, but also on food, exercise, rest and yourmental health.
Talk about how this is a shared journey, and that your family members’ or partner’s collaboration will be a key to your success navigating this journey.
How hepatitis B and D Can Be Spread: You can reassure others that there is no risk of transmission in everyday interactions like hugging, sharing food, or casual touch. Hepatitis B and D can spread through contact with blood and other bodily fluids during sexual relations and other blood-to-blood contact.
Emphasize that there is a very safe and effective vaccine for hepatitis B, and prevention is possible.
Check with your local health services to see how they can obtain the vaccine. It may be helpful to give them printed or online materials about the disease or show them a video of patients sharing their stories.
You can live well with proper medical care.
For example, you might say:
“I want to share something important with you because I trust you and I want to be honest. I was recently diagnosed with hepatitis B (and I also tested positive for hepatitis delta). It’s a virus that affects the liver, but I am under medical care and taking care of myself. I didn’t choose this, but I want you to know because it’s part of my life now.”
You can also watch this storyteller video, where MD shares her experience disclosing her status to her boyfriend.
If you are afraid of a negative reaction:
You can say it more neutrally: “I have a liver virus that I am keeping under control with the help of doctors.”
You can ask for the help of a health care professional to clarify the situation for them.
In everyday reality, the reactions of social groups are different. This is related to various factors such as the level of education, relevant medical information, social relationships and so on. Educational and cultural backgrounds have a significant impact on how individuals and social groups understand and respond to hepatitis B and D.
Educating your partner or family member
Proper education can positively influence people’s attitudes. You should provide as much information as possible when disclosing your status to them. With more information, they may be more open to supporting you rather than perpetuating stigma or having discriminatory attitudes.
By giving them enough information, they can share hepatitis B (and D) information with others, contributing to community education about both diseases, and helping to reduce fear and uncertainty.
Explain to them that this does not have to be a one-time conversation. Reassure them that you are open to talking more about this, so they can ask their questions and start feeling comfortable.
Cultural Beliefs and Social Norms
Be aware and mindful of the cultural background of your partner, or the social norms of your family. This will help you navigate the conversation about your hepatitis B/D.
In many cultures, diseases like hepatitis B and D are associated with taboos. Culture can influence how people perceive these conditions and can create an atmosphere of fear and stigmatization.
In some cultures, there are beliefs that influence how individuals view medical treatment. For example, seeking medical care may be seen as a sign of weakness or an admission of a “problem” that could negatively affect a person’s reputation. This perception may contribute to a negative attitude toward individuals affected by hepatitis B/D.
In some cultures, family and community can provide significant support to individuals with chronic illnesses, such as hepatitis B/D. However, in other cultures, there may be more isolation and limited help, especially if the individual faces stigma. This impacts their emotional well-being and access to treatment. While all of these experiences can happen, know that you are not alone. You can learn more about others experiences through the Hepatitis B Foundation’s storytelling program or connect with others online through the Hep B Community.
These aspects influence knowledge, attitudes, and reactions people may have toward hepatitis B/D. You deserve to be treated with respect and dignity—your life is your own, and no one has the right to diminish that. As you consider sharing your health status, it’s important to reflect on these factors and prepare for the range of responses you might encounter.
How should you prepare?
Tell those you trust: You do not have to tell everyone.
Focus on facts, not fear: Many people react based on the information they lack, not the facts you know.
Find an ally in the family who can help communicate with others.
Do not blame yourself: It’s not your fault. This is a virus – not a shame.
No matter how the conversation unfolds or what emotions surface, one thing is clear—your loved ones care deeply about your health and well-being. Speaking honestly and from the heart is always a meaningful step. What matters most is choosing the right moment and the words that feel true to you and your experience.
You can read more about the importance of disclosing your status, and advice for telling your partner or family, in this blog.
Did you know that people in prison are at much higher risk for hepatitis B than the general population? You would think that means there are programs in place to prevent and treat it — but unfortunately, that’s often not the case.
In a recent episode of the B Heppy podcast, researchers Heidi Emery and Kathryn Jack talk about some of the major barriers to accessing critical hepatitis B prevention and treatment services in prisons. Dr. Emery and Dr. Jack, who work at the University of Nottingham School of Medicine, reviewed prior research on the topic and spoke with people in the prison system — including those who are incarcerated, prison healthcare workers, and even guards — to understand what was happening within the prison system and hepatitis B.
You can find their published research here. Additionally, the Hepatitis B Foundation has also released a white paper on recommendations for HBV screening and prevention in corrections.
Common Barriers to Care:
Stigma and lack of information about hepatitis B
One of the biggest roadblocks? People just do not know enough about hepatitis B. There is a lot of fear and misunderstanding about how hepatitis B spreads and what it means to have it. That leads to stigma — and stigma makes people less likely to get tested or treated.
Health care isn’t always a priority in prisons
Prisons are mostly focused on safety and security — not healthcare. That means people might miss appointments because of lockdowns or staffing shortages. Even if someone wants care, they might not get it when they need it.
Lack of resources
Many prisons just don’t have the staff, funding, or systems in place to handle hepatitis B testing, treatment, or education properly. This makes it difficult for people to get timely education on hepatitis B prevention, management, and treatment.
No support after release
Often, there’s no follow-up care or connection to outside health services after someone is released from prison. So even if someone starts treatment, it might not continue. People are less likely to follow up with care when they are out of the prison system or may lack the resources to navigate the health system on their own.
Recommendations to improve care
Within this review, researchers provided recommendations on how to address these major challenges to hepatitis B prevention, care, and treatment within the prison system. They are described below-
Education makes a big difference
When people understand hepatitis B better — both those in prison and those working there, stigma goes down, and people are more likely to get help. Education programs can make a big difference to address low knowledge and stigma.
Better health systems inside and out
Connecting prison healthcare to public health systems on the outside means care doesn’t have to stop once someone is released. It can be an opportunity to make sure people stay connected to healthcare after they get out.
Policy changes that put health first
Routine testing and vaccinations for hepatitis B should be part of prison intake. With the right policies, prisons could become places where people actually get the health care they have been missing out on.
This issue is not just about prisons — it’s about public health. If we ignore hepatitis B in these high-risk settings, we miss a big chance to stop the virus from spreading in communities, too.
When you hear vitamin D you most notably think of the sun, or perhaps milk, or the small plastic bottles labeled with a bolded “D3” on store shelves. If you’ve ever been challenged by a trivia question asking what vitamin D does, you most likely know to say it helps build strong bones. In addition, vitamin D is a vital element that serves the immune, nervous and gastrointestinal systems, among our most important organs.
What you may not know about are the multiple functions vitamin D has in the body to regulate and maintain optimal health, especially for those living with chronic conditions such as hepatitis B.
The sun is the best source of vitamin D, and while everyone needs it, people living with hepatitis B need to pay extra attention to the summertime sun. Too much of a good thing can lead to harmful consequences, so it’s best to be aware of some precautions. Key considerations before spending time in the sun are hydrating with water, applying sunscreen to minimize risks of sunburn and skin cancer, and understanding the impact of exposure to sunlight on your body.
Being in the sun typically makes you thirsty. Drinking water instead of beverages with high sugars such as soda, sport and energy drinks, is better for the body and doesn’t leave behind any fats or byproducts that impede healthy liver function. Physicians from Mass General Brigham Hospital in Boston analyzed data from nearly 1000,000 woman and found that there may be a link between sugary drinks and liver disease (more here). The process of breaking down sugars leads to a build-up of unusable material that saturates the liver, inhibiting normal cells from growing and further exacerbating an already vulnerable liver. On average, the recommended daily water intake for women is around two liters, and for men, about three liters. While those are general guidelines, you may need more while in the hot sun. In addition to simply feeling thirsty, the Cleveland Clinic says that signs of dehydration include dry or sticky mouth, headache and reduced or dark-colored urine (more here).
Using sunscreen, wearing hats and protective clothing, and avoiding the midday sun are smart steps to ensure you are protecting yourself from the strong UV rays. The American Cancer Society says you should choose a sunscreen with broad-spectrum protection and an SPF of at least 30, according to the (more here). Keep in mind that the sun’s UV rays are strongest between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. Therefore, limit your exposure to the sun during these hours and take moments to cool down in the shade.
Now, how can the sun actually help someone living with hepatitis B?
The link between vitamin D and hepatitis B has been studied for years, and evidence suggests the core of their relationship lies within the liver. Basically, the skin produces vitamin D3 from sunlight and the liver and kidneys convert it to the active form of vitamin D our bodies need (more here). And, the liver itself relies on vitamin D to behave and function efficiently. With this information, we are able to correlate why low vitamin D levels would negatively impact individuals with hepatitis B who already have a compromised liver.
Trends seen in bloodwork results of people living with hepatitis B show that those deficient in vitamin D have higher viral loads. The correlation between vitamin D levels and viral loads (more here) tells us that adequate vitamin D might play a role in lower viral load counts. And lower viral DNA is associated with lower risk of liver damage and cancer.
Not only is the sun beneficial for those living with hepatitis B, but it also has a strong connection to improving mood and mental health. The National Institute of Mental Health says that those living with can be susceptible to experiencing mental health struggles such as stress, depression or anxiety (more here). Spending time outside is a helpful activity to clear the mind, reset and process your thoughts and feelings in a healthy way. Whether you choose to enjoy a day at the lake, a walk through the neighborhood or read a good book on the patio, getting outside will support the best outcome of your hepatitis B status while boosting your mental health.
It’s hard to find something that’s free, easily obtained and life-sustaining, but the sun is an exception and is available most days, weather-dependent of course. If you have other health conditions that prevent you from being in the sun, or perhaps you don’t care for the heat, please talk with your doctor about a diet rich in vitamin D or supplementation to ensure you maintain sufficient levels.
Alternative medicine is becoming more popular, but it can be risky, especially when it’s not regulated. This is a big concern for people living with hepatitis B in places where access to medical care and treatment options may be limited. Some people sell untested treatments, promising quick cures without any scientific proof. These treatments can actually make things worse for patients. It is also important to note that currently there is no cure for hepatitis B but there are safe and effective medications to manage your condition and improve your health.
Why unregulated alternative medicine is risky:
When alternative medicine isn’t regulated, it means the treatments haven’t been properly tested. For hepatitis B patients, using these treatments can lead to serious health problems. The safety and effectiveness of these treatments aren’t guaranteed, and they can sometimes cause more harm than good. Some practitioners claim their treatments work because of divine intervention and charge high fees, taking advantage of patients’ financial circumstances and leading to false hope in their medical care.
Why evidence-based health decisions are important:
Making health decisions based on scientific evidence is crucial. Evidence-based medicine uses the best available research and clinical expertise to make decisions about patient care. This approach helps ensure treatments are safe and effective.
For people living with hepatitis B, evidence-based methods are especially important. Chronic hepatitis B can cause serious liver damage, and managing the condition requires careful monitoring and appropriate treatment. The World Health Organization (WHO) warns that while some alternative medicine practices can be beneficial, the lack of regulation and scientific validation can make them dangerous.
While the idea of quick fixes through alternative medicine can be tempting, it’s essential for hepatitis B patients to prioritize evidence-based treatments. By doing so, they can make the best decisions for their health and well-being. Always consult healthcare professionals and rely on credible sources to guide your health decisions.
Safe and effective treatment for hepatitis B:
People with chronic hepatitis B can live long and healthy lives by making liver-friendly choices like regular check-ups, avoiding alcohol and tobacco, and eating healthily. Approved drugs for adults and children help control the virus and reduce the risk of serious liver disease, though there’s no complete cure yet.
Treatments fall into two categories:
Immune modulator drugs: Interferon-type drugs that boost the immune system to fight the virus, given as shots for 6 months to 1 year.
Antiviral drugs: Pills taken daily to stop or slow the virus, reducing liver inflammation and damage, usually taken for at least 1 year.
Not everyone with chronic hepatitis B needs treatment; it’s most effective for those showing signs of active liver disease.
Helpful resources for hepatitis B patients
To make informed health decisions, it’s important to rely on credible sources and consult healthcare professionals. It’s also important to do your own research to find out more about the benefits or harms of a medication or herbal treatment. Here are some resources to help:
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): The CDC provides comprehensive information on Hepatitis B treatment options, including antiviral medications and lifestyle recommendations.
Hepatitis B Foundation: This organization offers detailed guidance on managing Hepatitis B, including the latest research on treatment options.
The Coalition Against Hepatitis for People of African Origin (CHIPO) is a national community coalition that is led by the Hepatitis B Foundation and is composed of organizations and individuals interested in addressing high rates of hepatitis B infection among African communities globally. Over the past year, CHIPO has grown its membership to include over 70 community-based organizations and federal agencies, all of which are working to raise awareness about hepatitis B among African immigrant communities, and increase rates of screening, vaccination, and linkage to care. This month, we are excited to highlight the work of one of our partners, the Hepatitis Outreach Network (HONE) at the Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital in New York City, and their Project Coordinator, Assita Belemkoabga. Please enjoy a recent interview with Assita, as she describes her work, including successes and challenges, the positive impacts she and HONE have had, and hopes for the future.
Could you please introduce yourself and your organization?
My name is Assita Belemkoabga, and I am the Coordinator for the Hepatitis Outreach Network (HONE) at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. HONE focuses on hepatitis B and C prevention, screening, and linkage to care for immigrant and minority groups in New York City (NYC) for chronic hepatitis B and C. The goals of our organization are: raising awareness and providing education on hepatitis B and C; providing free comprehensive screening for hepatitis B and C, and ALT levels; and connecting people who have completed screening to healthcare services, including vaccination and treatment. My focus is providing HONE services in the African community.
Could you tell me a little bit about what some of HONE’s programs are that specifically address hepatitis and other health concerns in African communities?
The HONE program provides hepatitis B and C screening in the community and connects individuals who test positive or require vaccination to medical care and treatment.
In addition to screening, we also provide culturally sensitive hepatitis B educational presentations which are tailored to specific communities, educating them about transmission, symptoms, treatment options, and prevention. We also do outreach in African, Russian, Chinese and Hispanic communities and foster partnerships with community organizations, places of worship, and leaders to maximize our reach and create awareness. We provide programs in a variety of languages including English, French, Spanish, Mandarin and Russian. In the communities we serve there are many people without health insurance, thus making HONE a viable option for many people.
Which countries are primarily represented in the African diaspora that HONE serves?
The HONE program has expanded significantly since its beginning as a research study focused on West African and Asian communities. In the African community, our outreach efforts have not targeted any specific nationalities, but through faith-based organizations (FBOs) we see individuals of various nationalities. This year alone, we have engaged individuals from numerous countries, including Senegal, Burkina Faso, Togo, Ghana, Gambia, Mauritania, Ivory Coast, and Guinea.
What are some of the biggest challenges in addressing hepatitis and other health concerns at the community level? How have you worked to overcome these? Are there any additional resources that would be helpful to have?
I have identified three primary barriers to effective health education and outreach from my experience. Firstly, linguistic barriers pose a significant challenge, as many community members may not speak English or French fluently. Secondly, stigma and mistrust towards the healthcare system affect our efforts to engage community members in health education and screening. Lastly, socio-economic factors often take priority over health concerns, leading some individuals to prioritize work over preventive measures.
To overcome these challenges, community leaders play a vital role in explaining the importance of our program and the benefits of screening. We are also fortunate to have volunteers who assist with on-the-spot translation. However, having access to additional volunteers or health educators who speak one or two major African dialects would be incredibly valuable in helping us better serve our community.
What are your favorite parts about your job? What got you interested in this work?
I truly enjoy the sense of fulfillment that comes with making a positive impact in people’s lives. In my role, I have the opportunity to connect with people from diverse backgrounds and provide support, resources, and education that can significantly improve their health and well-being.
What drew me to this work is the desire to address health disparities and promote health equity, particularly in the African immigrant community that I am part of. Seeing the tangible difference our efforts make in people’s lives is incredibly rewarding. Whether it is helping someone access life-saving treatment, providing education on disease prevention, or simply being a listening ear, I know that my work is making a real difference. That’s what motivates me to continue doing this work.
Any other thoughts or ideas you’d like to share for improving health and closing health disparities among African immigrant communities in the US?
Through my experience working with HONE, I have had the opportunity to connect with other organizations doing similar work. Building on this network, I encourage us to continue efficient outreach and providing tailored education.
Our program at HONE has successfully streamlined the care process: Participants are able to receive a comprehensive initial visit within two weeks of their viral hepatitis B or C diagnosis. The initial visit with a gastroenterologist includes consultation, blood work, Fibroscan, and ultrasound. Expanding this model to a wider audience would be a significant step forward in addressing viral hepatitis disparities in our community.
Thank you so much for taking the time to speak with me today and for sharing more about the great work HONE has done and will continue into the future!
Clinical trials play an important role in the development and approval of treatments for hepatitis B virus infection. Clinical trials can show how well new medicines work in people and can compare new medicines with current treatment options. They provide a great opportunity to help advance hepatitis B research and give people living with hepatitis B virus infection access to new treatments.
GSK is launching a new phase 2b clinical trial called B-United, which will test a study drug called daplusiran/tomligisiran (DAP/TOM) followed by another study drug called bepirovirsen as a potential new treatment for chronic hepatitis B virus infection.
DAP/TOM is designed to lower the level of a protein called hepatitis B surface antigen in your blood. Bepirovirsen is designed to further lower the level of hepatitis B surface antigen and stop the virus from making it, which might allow the immune system to control the virus. The therapy being tested in this study is not currently approved for treating chronic hepatitis B virus infection. However, the study drugs have been given to adults in other studies. B-United is the first study in which the two study drugs are given in sequence to adults.
If eligible, you will receive an investigational therapy that consists of:
1)DAP/TOM OR placebo for 24 weeks followed by
2)Bepirovirsen for 24 weeks
You will continue your nucleoside/nucleotide analogue (NA) treatment while receiving the study drug(s)/placebo. This means that if you join this study, you will have the opportunity to receive at least one experimental treatment. Following study treatment with DAP/TOM (or placebo) and bepirovirsen, you will continue your NA treatment for 24 more weeks. The study doctor will then determine if you can stop your NA treatment and, if so, you will be off NA treatment for up to 28 weeks while closely monitored by the study doctor.
You could be in the study for up to 110 weeks (about 2 years). You will not know whether you are receiving DAP/TOM or placebo, and neither will the doctor (until after the study ends). You will have medical visits throughout the study, where the doctor will check on hepatitis B viral activity and your overall health.
You may be eligible to participate in the B-United study if you:
Are at least 18 years old (the minimum age may be higher in some countries);
Have had diagnosed chronic hepatitis B virus infection for at least 6 months;
Have been on stable NA treatment (sometimes referred to as antivirals, such as tenofovir or entecavir) for the past 6 months, without any changes for the past 3 months.
You will also need to meet additional requirements. The study doctor will review these with you.
The B-United study is being run in many countries, so there is an opportunity for people in many areas of the world to participate. To find out more information and see if you might be eligible, please visit www.BUnitedStudy.com.
