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• If it's not broken, don't fix it! A hepatitis B vignette.

  The Scenario Yufei Zhao is 45 years old and lives with his family in Philadelphia,   Pa. Yufei discovered that he had hepatitis B when he attended a community health fair with his family. Even though he was instructed to talk about his diagnosis with a doctor and learn more about possible treatment options, Yufei decided to do nothing as he did not feel sick. While he has health insurance through his employer, he never utilizes any health care services. He often skips annual wellness visits as he says he “never gets sick.”   A few weeks ago, Yufei’s family noticed that he has been skipping meals frequently saying he’s full or not hungry. At his daughter’s urging, he decided to go for a visit. After conducting some more tests, his doctor explained that the chronic infection with the hepatitis B virus had progressed substantially, and he had developed cirrhosis. After an MRI diagnosis, it was revealed that Yufei had liver cancer. The Hepatologist (liver doctor) explained to Yufei that the liver is an important organ and acts as a cleaning system for the body. It removes toxic waste, purifies blood, and helps to digest food properly. When the virus entered the liver, it made many copies of itself and started attacking healthy liver cells. This led to inflammation and weakened the ability of the liver to carry out its most essential tasks. Because he was never monitored for hepatitis B, the virus allowed tumors to grow in the liver which caused the cancer. When the tumors grow in size or number, it eventually spreads to other parts of the body and disrupts other vital processes as well.  The doctor mentioned that liver cancer is often called the silent disease because symptoms may not always be present. Even with a hepatitis B, a person could look or feel okay but that does not mean the virus isn’t active and causing damage. When the symptoms do show up, it might be too late to prevent liver cancer. After discussing his options with the doctor, Yufei

  http://www.hepb.org/blog/not-broken-dont-fix-hepatitis-b-vignette/
• Ignore it till it goes away! A hepatitis B vignette.

  The Scenario: Aroha Kawai just started a new job as a medical interpreter for Pacific Islander patients diagnosed with COVID-19. As a critical source of communication for the providers and the patients, she is often called to work night and weekend shifts. Aroha had a difficult conversation with the family members of a critical COVID-19 patient on whether they should discontinue ventilation support for the ailing grandmother. During this time, Aroha’s family noticed changes in her behavior. She stopped eating regularly, lost weight and repeatedly cancelled plans to go out. Aroha dismissed her family's concerns as physical manifestations of the emotional burnout from work. Recently she attended a health fair hosted by her department at work. She approached a viral hepatitis screening booth and decided to get tested for hepatitis B. The following week, she received her results in the mail. Her results indicated that she had tested positive for hepatitis B. She shared her diagnosis with her mother who informed her that her grandfather died from liver cancer.   Aroha then followed up with her primary care doctor.  She discovered that she had chronic hepatitis B. Even though the ultrasound did not show any evidence of cirrhosis, her doctor ordered an imaging test (U/S, CT, MRI) to screen for liver cancer. Unfortunately, Aroha was diagnosed with early-stage liver cancer.   Fortunately, the cancer had not spread and did not infect nearby blood vessels. Her doctor suggested a partial hepatectomy to remove the tumor safely as the rest of the liver was still healthy. Aroha decided to adhere to her doctor’s advice and successfully underwent the surgery. She has taken some time off from work to focus on recuperating from the surgery and spending time with loved ones.       The Challenge: Dismissal of Symptoms: Aroha initially ignored the physical symptoms of liver cancer. It is true that signs and symptoms may not necessarily be present. However, it

  http://www.hepb.org/blog/ignore-till-goes-away-hepatitis-b-vignette/
• CHIPO Partner Highlight: Great Lakes Peace Centre

   The Coalition Against Hepatitis for People of African Origin (CHIPO) is a national community coalition that is co-founded and led by the Hepatitis B Foundation, comprised of organizations and individuals who are interested in addressing the high rates of hepatitis B infection among African communities in the US. Recently, CHIPO has started to expand its reach to communities in Africa and has welcomed new partners from the Continent. This month, in honor of Minority Health Month, we highlight a partnership between CHIPO and Great Lakes Peace Centre (GLPC) in Kasese, Uganda. CHIPO has recently provided GLPC with educational resources that are tailored for African communities, which GLPC is translating into local dialects and will use in a strategy to raise awareness and provide education about hepatitis B, primarily to rural women and youth in Kasese District. A recent interview with Bwambale Arafat, Head of Health and Policy Officer at GLPC, sheds light on some of the significant barriers that impede hepatitis B screening, prevention, and care in Uganda (and much of the African continent) and showcases some of the extraordinary work of GLPC on a host of issues, of which viral hepatitis is just one.  CHIPO: Can you share a little bit about yourself? What is your connection to hepatitis? Arafat: I work with the Great Lakes Peace Centre, which is a grassroots, youth-led organization, here in Kasese District, a rural area in Rwenzori region, western Uganda (near the border of the Democratic Republic of Congo, about 400 kilometers from the capital city of Kampala). Most of our work with hepatitis B is focused on raising awareness and providing education about the virus to women and youth in the area, who are the most important people to reach. We also engage in a lot of advocacy initiatives, as well as efforts to lower stigma and discrimination. My personal connection to hepatitis B is the diagnosis of my uncle with hepatitis B and liver cancer and his death shortly

  http://www.hepb.org/blog/chipo-partner-highlight/
• CHIPO Is Looking for New Members!

  By Beatrice Zovich           Are you a member of the African diaspora in the United States? Do you work for an organization that serves these communities? We would love for you to join CHIPO - the Coalition Against Hepatitis for People of African Origin! CHIPO is a national community coalition, co-founded and led by the Hepatitis B Foundation. Our members include a variety of individuals and organizations from all over the country, who are interested in and focused on addressing the high rates of hepatitis B among African communities in the US., which are disproportionately affected by hepatitis B and liver cancer. In some parts of the country, rates of chronic hepatitis B infection in African communities are estimated to range between 5 and 15% of people.  The purpose of CHIPO is to provide a space for an open exchange of ideas, best practices, and  information about how to dismantle some of the many barriers that stand in the way of preventing, diagnosing, and treating chronic hepatitis B infection, and preventing liver cancer, in African immigrant communities. These barriers include a lack of disease awareness, high rates of stigma, limited access to healthcare and services, and the silent nature of the disease, which often does not present any symptoms until significant liver damage has occurred - a process which could take years or even decades. As a result, most African community members who have hepatitis B DO NOT KNOW that they are infected. This puts them at much greater risk for premature death from cirrhosis or liver cancer. CHIPO, meaning “gift” in the Shona language, aims to disseminate accurate information about hepatitis B transmission, prevention, and treatment among community members, healthcare providers, and organizational leaders, and to improve the national capacity to raise hepatitis B awareness, testing, vaccination, and linkage to care among highly affected African communities. CHIPO also works to ensure that

  http://www.hepb.org/blog/chipo-looking-new-members/
• Fighting the Doom and Gloom: Screening Saves Lives!

  By Anu Hosangadi Liver Cancer Connect's “Fighting the Doom and Gloom” series is highlighting some of the advances in prevention, screening, and treatment that are helping to increase survival among people with liver cancer. Previously, we talked about how prevention works. Now we’ll explain how screening and surveillance save lives.   Why Are Screening and Surveillance So Important? Screening and surveillance (regular monitoring) for liver cancer help  detect the cancer early. Early detection is one of the most effective ways to improve treatment success and survival rates. Screening refers to the first test to detect cancer or an increased risk for cancer. Surveillance refers to the regular testing or monitoring that is done after the first screening test. Surveillance in people with risk factors for liver cancer can help detect liver cancer before symptoms occur and while the tumor is small and can be surgically removed. This greatly increases the survival rate. Who Needs Liver Cancer Screening? The American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases recommends that men with hepatitis B should start screening/surveillance at age 40 years, and women at age 50. Screening should be done at 6-month intervals. But some high-risk groups could benefit from earlier and more frequent screening and testing. Did you know that as many as 33% of liver cancers that develop in people with chronic hepatitis B infection occur without cirrhosis?  So regular monitoring is essential. Someone with a family member, such as a parent, sibling or child, with liver cancer is about four times more likely to develop liver cancer than someone without such a family history. This increased risk is seen even among people without viral hepatitis. So it’s possible that either genetic factors or shared environmental factors influence the risk of liver cancer. And individuals with more than one risk factor have the highest risk of developing cancer, especially at a young

  http://www.hepb.org/blog/fighting-the-doom-and-gloom-screening-saves-lives/
• Hepatitis B Foundation strongly supports Congressional letters urging Biden administration to end discriminatory military policy

  U.S. Rep. Mike Quigley leads the effort asking for inclusion of individuals living with well-managed hepatitis B and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the military. Doylestown, Pa., Sept. 8, 2022 – The Hepatitis B Foundation, which has long fought against discrimination of people living with hepatitis B, strongly supports a new effort to permit individuals with hepatitis B or HIV to serve in the U.S. military. A letter to President Biden signed by 31 members of the U.S. House calls for the Department of Defense to update their policies and personnel management instructions to reflect the most current scientific guidelines for HIV and hepatitis B management and treatment. An identical letter is being sent to President Biden by a group of U.S. Senators, led by Sen. Chris Coons of Delaware and Sen. Kristen Gillibrand of New York. These letters mark a new effort to fight this unfair policy and are a significant step forward in combating discrimination. The House letter, which is here, was led by  Rep. Mike Quigley (IL-05), vice-chair of the Congressional LGBTQ+ Equality Caucus, along with Reps. Sara Jacobs (CA-53) and Barbara Lee (CA-13). Rep. Quigley’s office issued a press release, posted here. The Members of Congress point out that people living with HBV or HIV can manage their condition with as little as one pill a day and can lead very full, long lives. Particularly given the advances in medicine for both hepatitis B and HIV, these viruses do not in and of themselves make a person less able to serve, and the risk of battlefield transmission is near zero. There is no longer any plausible argument, experts say, to deny these individuals the ability to serve their country. Hepatitis B Foundation President Chari A. Cohen, DrPH, MPH, said: "Scientific evidence shows that people living with hepatitis B do not pose a risk to others, and that hepatitis B does not impact the ability of military students and personnel to serve. By failing to align its current policies with recommendations from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Department of Defense has created an inequitable environment where people living with hepatitis B and HIV are vulnerable to being discharged unnecessarily. We urge President Biden to take swift action to ensure that all who wish to serve in the military can do so unimpeded."  The Foundation has long fought against hepatitis B discrimination. In a landmark achievement, the Foundation’s advocacy efforts contributed to a settlement with the U.S. Department of Justice in 2013 that made hepatitis B a protected condition under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). Currently, the Foundation operates a first-of-its-kind Discrimination Registry to document hepatitis B-related discrimination, offer support, and develop a plan to fight discrimination globally.

  https://www.hepb.org/news-and-events/news-2/hepatitis-b-foundation-strongly-supports-congressional-letters-urging-biden-administration-to-end-discriminatory-military-policy/
• I am currently pregnant, and I have chronic hepatitis B. What should I do to protect my baby?

  Pregnant people who have hepatitis B can transmit the virus to their newborns during delivery (due to the blood exchanged during the childbirth process). Many of these babies will become chronically infected, which increases their risk of serious liver disease later in life. However, we can prevent hepatitis B transmission from mother to baby! There are a few simple steps you and your doctor can take. Your newborn must be given two shots in the delivery room - the first dose of hepatitis B vaccine (5 mcg dose) and one dose of hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG, 0.5 mL dose)*. These two shots must be given at separate injection sites, i.e. different limbs. If these two medications are given correctly within the first 12 hours of life, a newborn has a 95% chance of being protected against a lifelong hepatitis B infection. The infant will need additional doses of hepatitis B vaccine at one and six months of age to provide complete protection. * Note: HBIG is recommended by U.S. CDC. HBIG is not recommended by World Health Organization (WHO) and may not be available in all countries. What is most important is to make sure the hepatitis B vaccine birth dose is given as soon as possible! Another important step to reduce the risk of transmitting the infection to your baby, is to determine whether the viral load (HBV DNA) is high in your blood. If the viral load is high, it is recommended that you take antivirals during the third trimester of pregnancy, to get the virus under control, and reduce the risk of transmission to your baby. Assessing the viral load is best done through an HBV DNA test, however this test is not always available, and often is expensive. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that all pregnant women get tested for HBeAg. If HBeAg is positive, it is recommended to receive antiviral therapy during the final three months of pregnancy (third trimester). ACTION PLAN: (1)  Ask your doctor to test you for HBeAg or HBV DNA (hepatitis B viral load test if it is available) to determine if treatment with an antiviral is needed during the last trimester of your pregnancy. (2)  Make sure you have chosen a specific health facility to deliver your baby. Inform the healthcare team there that you will need the hepatitis B vaccine ready for your babies in the delivery room (or as soon as possible but within the first 12 hours of birth). (3)  When it is time for the baby to be delivered, make sure to go to that health facility for your delivery. Children who receive hepatitis B vaccine and HBIG at birth should complete the 3-part vaccine series and should be tested at 9-15 months of age, to make sure that the vaccine worked and that they are not infected and have protection against hepatitis B. Testing before 9 months of age can be inaccurate. Additional Resources: info@hepb.org – Ask us if you have any questions about preventing hep B transmission to your baby at birth! Testing and Treatment during Pregnancy Protecting Your Baby Through Vaccination Pregnancy and HBV Treatment after pregnancy Breast Feeding Find more Frequently Asked Questions here.  Page updated 02/09/2022

  https://www.hepb.org/what-is-hepatitis-b/faqs/i-am-currently-pregnant-and-i-have-chronic-hepatitis-b-what-should-i-do-to-protect-my-baby/
• Nobel Prize to Hepatitis B Foundation and Blumberg Institute Advisors

  Doylestown, Pa., Oct. 5, 2020 – The Hepatitis B Foundation today is celebrating the news that Harvey J. Alter, M.D., has been selected for the 2020 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, along with collaborators Michael Houghton, Ph.D., and Charles Rice, Ph.D. Dr. Alter is the W. Thomas London Distinguished Scientific Advisor to the Hepatitis B Foundation and an Honorific Professor of the Baruch S. Blumberg Institute, which is the Foundation’s research arm. He received the Hepatitis B Foundation’s Distinguished Scientist Award in 2000. Dr. Rice, who is a professor of virology at Rockefeller University, has been Scientific Advisor to the Blumberg Institute’s research programs. The Nobel Prize was awarded to Drs. Alter, Houghton and Rice today for discovering the hepatitis C virus, which is a landmark breakthrough that the Nobel committee said had “made possible blood tests and new medicines that have saved millions of lives.” “We are thrilled, but not at all surprised, that these great scientists are being recognized with such a prestigious honor,” Timothy M. Block, Ph.D., co-founder and president of the Hepatitis B Foundation, said. “The discovery of the hepatitis C virus is one of the major triumphs of modern medical science and provided the basis for discovery of a cure. Their work has benefited millions of people around the world.” Dr. Block added, “Dr. Alter has been a longtime supporter of our research in hepatitis B and his advice and counsel has been tremendously valuable.” Given the current global COVID-19 pandemic, Dr. Block said, this year’s Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine is especially gratifying as it draws attention to value and benefits provided by good science. Dr. Alter (left) and Dr. Blumberg, both winners of the Nobel Prize, at our Princeton Workshop in 2002. Dr. Alter’s research while at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) uncovered the fact that there was an infectious virus, which was neither hepatitis A nor B, infecting people who had received blood transfusions. Not only did his work ultimately lead to important diagnostics and life-saving treatment, but Dr. Alter’s research also resulted in nationwide blood screening, which has nearly eliminated transfusion-associated hepatitis. Before his groundbreaking research in hepatitis C, Dr. Alter was part of the team that discovered the hepatitis B virus, alongside Baruch S. Blumberg, M.D., D.Phil., who won the Nobel Prize in 1976 for that discovery. Dr. Rice has been an advisor to the Hepatitis B Foundation since 2003, Dr. Block said, “So, we have had benefit of his brilliance and insights firsthand!” Dr. Rice and Dr. Alter have participated numerous times in the Hepatitis B Foundation’s Princeton Workshop, which is a prestigious scientific meeting on hepatitis research. 10/05/20

  https://www.hepb.org/news-and-events/news-2/nobel-prize-to-hepatitis-b-foundation-and-blumberg-institute-advisors/
• Journal Articles

  Free, Open Access Peer-Reviewed Journal Articles Adepoju, P. Thirty African countries now back Africa Medicines Agency treat but continent's economic powers still hold out. AMA Countdown. (3 February 2022). Afolabi, I.B., Aremu, A.B., Maidoki, L.A. et al. Dynamics of Hepatitis B infection prevention practices among pregnant women attending antenatal care at Lubaga Hospital Kampala, Uganda using the constructs of information-motivation-behavioural skills model. BMC Public Health. (2022). Apata, I.W., Averhoff, F., Pitman, J., Bjork, A., Yu, J., Amin, N.A., Dhingra, N., Kolwaite, A., Marfin, A.; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Progress Toward Prevention of Transfusion-Transmitted Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C Infection — Sub-Saharan Africa, 2000–2011. MMWR. (2014). Beykaso, G., Mulu, A., Giday, M., Berhe, N., Selamu, M., Mihret, A., & Teklehaymanot, T. Burden and transmission risks of viral hepatitis in Southern Ethiopia: Evidence needed for prevention and control measures. Risk Management and Healthcare Policy. (December 2021).  Bitrus, T.Z., & Danzaria, M. Impeding the high prevalence of hepatitis B in Nigeria: The pharmacist's perspective. MG Modern Ghana. (19 January 2022). Boisson, A., Goel, V., Yotebieng, M., Parr, J.B., Fried, B., & Thompson, P. Implementation approaches for introducing and overcoming barriers to hepatitis B birth-dose vaccine in sub-Saharan Africa. Global Health: Science and Practice. (February 2022). Burba, K. Low-cost scoring system informs HBV treatment eligibility in resource-limited countries. Healio News. (22 May 2022). Chandrasekar, E., Song, S., Johnson, M., Harris, A.M., Kaufman, G.I., Freedman, D., Quinn, M.T., Kim, K.E. A Novel Strategy to Increase Identification of African-Born People With Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection in the Chicago Metropolitan Area, 2012-2014. Prev Chronic Dis. (1 September 2016). Daka, D., Hailemeskel, G., & Fenta, DA. Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Virus and Associated Factors Among Female Sex Workers Using Respondent-Driven Sampling in Hawassa City, Ethiopia. Infection and Drug Resistance (October 2021). Emeasoba, E.U., Omarufilo, F., Bosah, J.N., & Sigal, S.H. Breaking down barriers for hepatitis B screening in the Bronx West African community through education in collaboration with faith-based organizations: A cohort study. Lancet. (March 2022).  Experts review efforts on diagnosing hepatitis in sub-Saharan Africa. Taarifa Rwanda. (22 April 2022). Frambo, A.A., Atashili, J., Fon, P.N., Ndumbe, P.M.. Prevalence of HBsAg and Knowledge About Hepatitis B in Pregnancy in the Buea Health District, Cameroon: A Cross-Sectional Study. BMC Res Notes. (25 June 2014). Freeland, C., Bodor, S., Perera, U., Cohen, C. Barriers to Hepatitis B Screening and Prevention for African Immigrant Populations in the United States: A Qualitative Study. Viruses. (2020). Graber-Stiehl, I. The Silent Epidemic Killing More People Than HIV, Malaria or TB. Nature. (5 December 2018). Gupta, N., Desalegn, H., Ocama, P., et al. Converging Pandemics: Implications of COVID-19 for the Viral Hepatitis Response in Sub-Saharan Africa. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. (2020). Jonas, E., Bernon, M., Robertson, B., Kassianides, C., Keli, E., Offei Asare, K., et al. Treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma in sub-Saharan Africa: Challenges and solutions. The Lancet. (7 July 2022). Jones, P., Soler, J., Solle, N.S., Martin, P., Kobetz, E. A Mixed-Methods Approach to Understanding Perceptions of Hepatitis B and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Among Ethnically Diverse Black Communities in South Florida. Cancer Causes & Control. (December 2020). Kazmi, S.K., Khan, F.M.A., Natoli, V., Hunain, R., Islam, Z., Costa, A.C.D.S., Ahmad, S., Essar, M.Y. Viral Hepatitis Amidst COVID-19 in Africa: Implications and Recommendations. Journal of Medical Virology. (January 2022). Kinfe, H., Sendo, E.G., Gebremedhin, K.B. Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Factors Associated with Hepatitis B Virus Infection Among Pregnant Women Presented to Antenatal Care Clinics at Adigrat General Hospital in Northern Ethiopia. International Journal of Women's Health. (January 2021). Mozambique: Maputo study on cutting mother to child transmission of hepatitis B. All Africa. (18 January 2022). Nankya-Mutyoba, J., Ejalu, D., Wandera, C., Beyagira, R., Amandua, J., Seremba, E., Mugagga, K., Kambugu, A., Muganzi, A., Easterbrook, P., & Ocama, P. A training for health care workers to integrate hepatitis B care and treatment into routine HIV care in a high HBV burden, poorly resourced region of Uganda: The '2for1' project. BMC Medical Education. (20 April 2022). Nordling, L. Africa's struggles with hepatitis B. Nature. (30 March 2022). Sabiiti, D. Rwanda shows improvement in hepatitis treatment. KT Press. (25 April 2022). Shankar, H., Blanas, D., Bichoupan, K., Ndiaye, D., Carmody, E., Martel-Laferriere, V., Culpepper-Morgan, J., Dieterich, D.T., Branch, A.D., Bekele, M., Nichols, K., Perumalswami, P.V. A Novel Collaborative Community-Based Hepatitis B Screening and Linkage to Care Program for African Immigrants. Clin Infect Dis. (1 June 2016). Shimakawa, Y., Veillon, P., Birguel, J., Pivert, A., Sauvage, V., Le Guillou-Guillemette, H., et al. Residual risk of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus infection despite timely birth-dose vaccination in Cameroon (ANRS 12303): A single-centre, longitudinal observational study. Lancet. (17 February 2022). Sohn, E. The global fight against hepatitis B is benefitting some parts of the world more than others. Nature. (30 March 2022). Sonderup, M.W., & Spearman, W. Global disparities in hepatitis B elimination - A focus on Africa. Viruses. (3 January 2022). Thompson, P., Morgan, C.E., Ngimbi, P., Mwandagalirwa, K., Ravelomanana, N.L.R., Tabala, M. et al. Arresting Vertical Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus (AVERT-HBV) in Pregnant Women & Their Neonates in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: A Feasibility Study. Lancet. (November 2021). Tonen-Wolyec, S., Djang’eing’a, R. M., Batina-Agasa, S., Tshilumba, C.K., Masidi, J.M., Hayette, M.P., & Belec, L. Self-Testing for HIV, HBV, and HCV Using Finger-Stick Whole-Blood Multiplex Immunochromatographic Rapid Test: A Pilot Feasibility Study in Sub-Saharan Africa. Plos ONE. (2021). Tousignant, N. Filtering Inequality: Screening and Knowledge in Senegal’s Topography of Hepatitis B Care. Frontiers in Pharmacology. (2021). Valcarcel, M. Despite global headway, Africa lags on eliminating mother-to-child HBV transmission. Healio News. (24 August 2022).

  https://www.hepb.org/research-and-programs/chipo/resources/journal-articles/

• እንኳን ወደ አማርኛ የሄፓታይተስ ቢ ምዕራፍ የፋውንዴሽን ድረ ገፅ ሄፓታይተስ ቢ ድምፅ አልባው ገዳይ ሲባል አብዛኞቹ ሰዎች እንዳለባቸው አንኳን አያውቁም፡፡ ድረ ገፁ ሄፓታይተስ ቢ ን ስለ መከላከል፣ ምርመራ ስለማድርግ፣ እና ስለመቆጣጠር መረጃ ይዟል፡፡ እርስዎ መረጃዎችን ለጓደኛዎ፣ ለቤተሰብዎ እና በአቅራቢያዎ ላሉ ማህበረሰቦች እንዲያጋሩ እንጠይቆታለን፡፡ ስለ ሄፓታይተስ ቢ ሊያስታውሷቸው የሚገቡ ጠቃሚ የሆኑ ነገሮች እነሆ፦ ሄፓታይተስ ቢ በመወለድ አይተላለፍም- በቫይረስ ነው የሚመጣው፡፡  እድሜ ልክህን ከሄፓታይተስ ቢ የሚጠብቅህ አስተማማኝ ክትባት አለ፡፡  ሄፓታይተስ ቢ እንዳለ ለማወቅ ቀላል የደም ምርመራ አለ፡፡ የመከላከያ ህክምናዎች አሉ፡፡ ሄፓታይተስ ቢ ዓለማቀፋዊ በሽታ ነው ሄፓታይተስ ቢ የእድሜ እና የብሄር ልዩነት ሳያደርግ ሁሉንም ሰው ሊይዝ ይችላል፤ ነገር ግን ሄፓታይተስ ቢ በብዛት በሚከሰትባቸው ከተወሰኑ የዓለም ክፍሎች ያሉ ሰዎች ማለትም እንደ ኤሲያ፣ የአፍሪካ የተወሰኑ ክፍሎች፣ ደቡብ አሜሪካ፣ ምዕራብ አውሮፓ እና መካከለኛው ምስራቅ በበሽታው የመያዝ እድላቸው በእጅጉ ከፍ ያለ ነው፡፡ በነዚህ ቦታዎች በተወለዱ አሜሪካውያን (ወይም ቤተሰቦቻቸው በተወለዱት) ላይ ሄፓታይተስ ቢ በብዛት ይከሰታል፡፡ በመቶ ሚሊየን በሚቆጠሩና በዓለም ዙሪያ በሚኖሩ ሰዎች ሄፓታይተስ ቢ አለባቸው፡፡ በርካታ ሰዎች በበሽታው ስለመያዛቸው እንኳን አያውቁም፤ እንዲሁም የበሽታው ምልክቶችም አይታይባቸውም፤ ነገር ግን ማወቅ ያለባችሁ በርካታ ጠቃሚ ነገሮች አሉ፡፡ ሄፓታይተስ ቢ በደም ውስጥ እንዳለና እንደሌለ ማረጋገጥ ህይወትዎን ያድናል፡፡ ሄፓታይተስ ቢ እንዳለብዎ ካወቁ፣ የአኗኗር ዘይቤዎትን በመለወጥ የጉበትዎን ጤንነት ከመጠበቅ ባለፈ ዶክተሮች ቫይረሱን እንዲቆጣጠሩት እና ጉበትዎም እንዳይጎዳ ያደርጋሉ፡፡ የሄፓታይተስ ቢ ፋውንዴሽን ለትርፍ ያልተቋቋመ ብሄራዊ ድርጅት ሲሆን ጥናትና ምርምር፣ ትምህርት እና ታማሚዎችን ማማከር ስራዎች ላይ በማተኮር፣ በሽታውን ለማከም ብሎም በመላው ዓለም ያሉና በሄፓታይተስ ቢ የተያዙ ሰዎች በሙሉ ህይወታቸው እንዲሻሻል የሚሰራ ነው፡፡   መግለጫ፦ በድረ ገፅ የተለቀቁት መረጃዎች ለትምህርት አገልግሎት ብቻ የሚውሉ ናቸው፡፡ የሄፓታይተስ ቢ ፋውንዴሽን የህክምና ተቋም አይደለም፡፡ በግልዎ ጤናዎትን ለመጠበቅ እና ምክር ለማግኘት ዶክተር አሊያም ብቁ የጤና ባለሙያ ማነጋገር አለብዎት፡፡ Welcome to the Amharic Chapter of the Hepatitis B Foundation Website Hepatitis B is known as a silent disease, and most people don’t even know they are infected. This website contains information about preventing, diagnosing and managing hepatitis B. We encourage you to share this information with your friends, family and others in your community. Here are some important things to remember about hepatitis B: Hepatitis B is not inherited - it is caused by a virus.  There is a safe vaccine which will protect you from hepatitis B for life.  There is a simple blood test to diagnose hepatitis B.  There are treatment options. Hepatitis B is a Global DiseaseHepatitis B can infect any person of any age or ethnicity, but people from parts of the world where hepatitis B is common, such as Asia, parts of Africa and South America, Eastern Europe, and the Middle East, are at much higher risk for getting infected. Hepatitis B is also common among Americans who were born (or whose parents were born) in these regions. There are hundreds of millions of people worldwide who have hepatitis B. Most people don’t even know they are infected, and don’t have symptoms – but there are many important things you should know. Getting tested for hepatitis B can save your life. If you know you have hepatitis B, you can make lifestyle choices to keep your liver healthy and you can see a doctor to help manage the virus and prevent liver damage. The Hepatitis B Foundation is a national nonprofit organization dedicated to finding a cure and helping to improve the quality of life for all those affected by hepatitis B worldwide through research, education and patient advocacy. Disclaimer: The information that is provided on this website is for educational purposes only. The Hepatitis B Foundation is not a medical organization. Please talk to your doctor or a qualified health care provider for personal medical care and advice.

  https://www.hepb.org/languages/amharic/